苏格拉底葬礼演说中的德性与政制—柏拉图《默涅克塞诺斯》的哲学教育*

李向利

苏格拉底葬礼演说中的德性与政制—柏拉图《默涅克塞诺斯》的哲学教育*

李向利

中国社会科学院

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-02-05
- 修回日期: 2018-05-04

The Virtue and Politeia in the Funeral Speech of Socrates: The Philosophical Education in Plato's Menexenus

LI Xiangli

Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

摘要

摘要: 学界通常认为《默涅克塞诺斯》这篇柏拉图对话并不涉及哲学主题，本文通过分析对话中苏格拉底葬礼演说所含有关地生人神话和雅典政制的段落，发现这些围绕德性和政制问题展开的段落，实际具有很强的哲学色彩，且暗中指向古典政治哲学中极为重要的最佳政制问题。本文认为，对于相关段落和问题的理解，需要注意到对话结构包含的双重语境。苏格拉底有关葬礼演说段落的表面修辞针对的是公共语境；而对话结构设定的私人语境，就对话自身的戏剧情节来说，则可视为是对城邦未来治邦者默涅克塞诺斯的哲学教育。
- 苏格拉底 /
- 《默涅克塞诺斯》 /
- 德性 /
- 政制
Abstract: It is usually thought that Menexenus, one of the Platonic dialogues, does not involve philosophical themes. By analyzing the paragraphs which include the myth of Athenian autochthony and the Athenian politeia in the Socrates' funeral speech in the dialogue, the author finds that there are a strong philosophical meaning and the implicit philosophical problem-what is the best politeia. In order to understand the relevant paragraphs and questions, this paper insists that it is necessary to pay attention to the dual context contained in the structure of the dialogue:on one hand, the surface rhetoric in Socrates' funeral speech is prepared for the public context; on the other hand, according to the drama plot in the dialogue itself, the private context set by the dialogue structure is for the philosophical education for Menexenus the future statesman of Athens.
- Socrates /
- Menexenus /
- virtue /
- politeia

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参考文献(20)

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