论“场所”概念的拓扑学含义
Topological Meaning of the Concept of “Place”
-
摘要: 本文拟从理论批评出发,由比较“场景”与“场所”两则概念的区别谈起,详述现象学视域下“场所”的拓扑学含义,进而引出文学作品空间书写的聚焦所在——“场所意象”,为下一步从现象学文学批评的角度提出“拓扑分析”进行理论铺垫和学理准备。Abstract: In this paper, we borrow the concept of“place” from spatial critique in humanistic geography and architectural phenomenology, and use it to analyze the“images of place” in literature. Meanwhile, we compare the differences between the two concepts of“place” and“scene.” Under the framework composed by the mutual interaction between poetic discussion and critical methedology, we attempt to srcutinize the term“literary topo-analysis,” which is the next step for our research plan with the vision of phenomenology.
-
Key words:
- place /
- scene /
- spatiality /
- topology
-
[1] (俄)巴赫金:《小说的时间形式和时空体形式:历史诗学概述》,白春仁、晓河译,《巴赫金全集(第3卷)》,石家庄:河 [2] 北教育出版社, 1998年。 [3] [Bakhtin, Mikhail Mikhailovich.“Xiaoshuo de shijianxingshi he kongjian xingshi: lishishixue gaishu”(Forms of Time [4] and of the Chronotope in the Novel: Notes toward a Historical Poetics). Translated by BAI Chunren and XIAO He. In [5] Bahejin quanji (Complete Works of Bakhtin). Vol. 3. Shijiazhuang: Hebei Education Publishing House, 1998.] [6] (荷)巴尔:《叙述学:叙事理论导论》,谭君强译,北京:中国社会科学出版社, 2003年。 [7] [Bal, Mieke. Xushuxue: xushi lilun daolun (Narratology: Introduction to the Theory of Narrative). Translated by TAN [8] Junqiang. Beijing: China Social Sciences Publishing House, 2003.] [9] (英)布莱克莫尔:《意识新探》,薛贵译,北京:外语教学与研究出版社, 2007年。 [10] [Blackmore, Susan. Yishi xintan (Consciousnes: A Very Short Introduction). Translated by XUE Gui. Beijing: Foreign [11] Language Teaching and Research Press, 2007.] [12] 邓波、王彦丽:《建筑空间本质的哲学反思》,《自然辩证法研究》 2004年第8期,第67—70页,第90页。 [13] [DENG Bo and WANG Yanli.“Jianzhu kongjian benzhi de zhexue fansi”(Thinking about the Essence of Architecture [14] Space). Ziran bianzhengfa yanjiu (Studies in Dialectics of Nature) 8 (2004): 67-70, 90.] [15] ——、罗丽:《诺伯格-舒尔茨的建筑现象学述评》,《科学技术与辩证法》2009年第2期,第54—59页。 [16] [—— and LUO Li.“Nuoboge-shuerci de jianzhuxianxiangxue shuping”(Comments on Norberg-Schulz’s Architecture [17] Phenomenology). Kexuejishu yu bianzhengfa (Science Technology and Dialectics) 2 (2009): 54-59.] [18] (美)弗里德曼:《空间诗学与阿兰达蒂-洛伊的〈微物之神〉》,宁一中译,(美)费伦﹑(美)拉诺维茨主编:《当代叙 [19] 事理论指南》,北京:北京大学出版社, 2007年,第204—221页。 [20] [Friedman, Susan Stanford.“Kongjian shixue yu alandadi-luoyi de weiwuzhishen”(Spatial Poetics and Arundhati Roy’s [21] The God of Small Things). Translated by NING Yizhong. In Dangdai xushi lilun zhinan (A Companion to Narrative [22] Theory). Edited by James Phelan and Peter J. Rabinowitz. Beijing: Peking University Press, 2007, 204-21.] [23] (美)哈维:《空间是个关键词》,《新自由主义化的空间:迈向不均地理发展理论》,王志弘译,台北:群学出版有限公 [24] 司, 2008年,第113—143页。 [25] [Harvey, David.“Kongjian shige guanjianci”(Space as a Key Word). In Xinziyouzhuyihua de kongjian: maixiang bujun [26] dili fazhan lilun (Spaces of Neoliberalization: Towards a Theory of Uneven Geographical Development). Translated by [27] WANG Zhihong. Taibei: Qunxue Publishing Co., Ltd., 2008, 113-43.] [28] (德)海德格尔:《物》,《诗· 语言· 思》,彭富春译,北京:文化艺术出版社1991年,第146—164页。 [29] [Heidegger, Martin.“Wu”(The Thing). In Shi· Yuyan· Si (Poetry, Language, Thought). Translated by PENG fuchun. [30] Beijing: Culture and Art Publishing House, 1991, 146-64.] [31] (奥)胡塞尔:《欧洲科学危机和超验现象学》,张庆熊译,上海:上海译文出版社, 1988年。 [32] [Husserl, Edmund Gustav Albrecht. Ouzhou kexue weiji he chaoyan xianxiangxue (The Crisis of European Sciences and [33] Transcendental Phenomenology: An Introduction to Phenomenological Philosophy). Translated by ZHANG Qingxiong. [34] Shanghai: Shanghai Translation Publishing House, 1988.] [35] 贾放:《普罗普故事学思想与维谢洛夫斯基的“历史诗学”》,《北京师范大学学报》 2000年第6期,第58—63页。 [36] [JIA Fang.“Puluopu gushixue sixiang yu weixieluofusiji de‘lishishixue’(The Tale Theory of V. Propp and Historical [37] Peotics of A.Vitielovski).”Beijing shifan daxue xuebao (Journal of Beijing Normal University) 6 (2000): 58-63.] [38] (意)卡斯特拉诺:《建筑的时间性》,闵晶译,卢永毅编:《建筑理论的多维视野》,北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2009 [39] 年,第261—266页。 [40] [Castellano, Aldo.“Jianzhu de shijianxing”(Time in Architecture). Translated by MIN Jing. In Jianzhu lilun de duowei [41] shiye (Multidimensional Perspectives of Architectural Theory). Edited by LU Yongyi. Beijing: China Architecture and [42] Building Press, 2009, 261-66.] [43] (美)克雷斯威尔:《地方:记忆、想象与认同》,徐苔玲、王志弘译,台北:群学出版有限公司, 2006年。 [44] [Cresswell, Tim. Difang: jiyi, xiangxiang yu rentong (Place: A Short Introduction). Translated by XU Tailing and WANG [45] Zhihong. Taipei: Qunxue Publishing Co., Ltd., 2006.] [46] (英)克罗克:《人文地理概论》,王志弘译,台北:巨流图书有限公司, 2006年。 [47] [Cloke, Paul. Renwen dili gailun (Introducing Human Geographies). Translated by WANG Zhihong. Taibei: Juliu Books [48] Co., Ltd., 2006.] [49] (俄)柯瓦雷:《牛顿研究》,张卜天译,北京:北京大学出版社, 2003年。 [50] [Koyré, Alexandre. Niudun yanjiu (Newtonian Studies). Translated by ZHANG Butian. Beijing: Peking University Press, [51] 2003.] [52] 林继富、王丹:《解释民俗学》,武汉:华中师范大学出版社, 2006年。 [53] [LIN Jifu and WANG Dan. Jieshi minsuxue (Interpretation of Folklore). Wuhan: Central China Normal University Press, [54] 2006.] [55] 梁工:《圣经叙事艺术研究》,北京:商务印书馆, 2006年。 [56] [LIANG Gong. Shengjing xushiyishu yanjiu (A Study of The Art of Biblical Narrative). Beijing: The Commercial Press, [57] 2006.] [58] 刘先觉:《现代建筑理论:建筑结合人文科学自然科学与技术科学的新成就》,北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 1999年。 [59] [LIU Xianjue. Xiandai jianzhu lilun: jianzhu jiehe renwenkexue zirankexue yu jishukexue de xinchengjiu (Modern [60] Architectural Theory: New Achievements of Architecture Combining Humanities, Natural Sciences and Technological [61] Sciences). Beijing: China Construction Industry Publishing House, 1999.] [62] 陆扬:《空间理论和文学空间》,《外国文学研究》 2004年第4期,第31—37页。 [63] [LU Yang.“Kongjian lilun he wenxue kongjian”(Space Theory and Literary Space), Waiguo Wenxue Yanjiu (Foreign [64] Literature Studies) 4 (2004): 31-37.] [65] 罗刚:《叙事学导论》,昆明:云南人民出版社, 1994年。 [66] [LUO Gang. Xushixue daolun (Introduction to Narratology). Yunnan: Yunnan People’s Publishing House, 1994.] [67] (美)马格廖拉:《螽斯翼上之釉:现象学的批评》,李正治译,(美)阿特金斯、(美)莫洛编:《当代文学理论》,张双英、 [68] 黄景进中译主编,台北:合森文化事业有限公司, 1991年,第167—191页。 [69] [Magliola, Robert R..“Zhongsi yishang zhi you: xianxiangxue de piping”(Like the Glaze on a Katydid-wing: [70] Phenomenological Criticism). Translated by LI zhengzhi. In Dangdai wenxue lilun (Contemporary Literary Theory). [71] Edited by George Douglas Atkins and Laurd Morrow. Taibei: Hesen Cultural Enterprise Co., Ltd., 1991, 167-91.] [72] ——:《现象学与文学》,周宁译,沈阳:春风文艺出版社,1988年。 [73] [——. Xianxiangxue yu wenxue (Phenomenology and Literature). Translated by ZHOU Ning. Shenyang: Chunfeng [74] Literature and Art Publishing House, 1988.] [75] (挪)诺伯舒兹:《场所精神:迈向建筑现象学》,施植明译,台北:田园城市文化事业有限公司, 1997年。 [76] [Norberg-Schulz, Christian. Changsuo jingshen: Maixiang jianzhu xianxiangxue (Genius Loci: Towards a Phenomenology [77] of Architecture). Translated by SHI Zhiming. Taipei: Tianyuan City Cultural Enterprise Co., Ltd., 1997.] [78] ——:《存在· 空间· 建筑》,尹培桐译,北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1990年。 [79] [——. Cunzai· Kongjian· Jianzhu (Existence, Space and Architecture). Translated by YIN Peitong. Beijing: China [80] Construction Industry Publishing House, 1990.] [81] 潘朝阳:《空间· 地方观与“大地具现”暨“经典诉说”的宗教性诠释》,《中国文哲研究通讯》 2000年第3期,第169— [82] 188页。 [83] [PAN Chaoyang.“Kongjian Difangguan yu‘dadi juxian’ji‘jingdian sushuo’de Zongjiaoxing Quanshi”(The Religious [84] Interpretation of Space, Local View and“Land Appearance”and“Classic Talk”). In Zhongguo wenzhe yanjiu tongxun [85] (Chinese Philosophy Research Newsletter) 3 (2000): 169-88.] [86] ——:《心灵· 空间· 环境:人文主义的地理思想》,台北:五南图书出版公司, 2005年。 [87] [——. Xinling· Kongjian· Huanjing: renwen zhuyi de dilisixiang (Spirit, Space and Environment: Humanistic [88] Geographical Thought). Taipei: Wunan Book Publishing Company.] [89] (美)裴特:《现代地理思想》,王志弘译,台北:群学出版有限公司, 2005年。 [90] [Peet, Richard. Xiandai dili sixiang (Modern Geographical Thought). Translated by WANG Zhihong. Taipei: Qunxue [91] Publishing Co., Ltd., 2005.] [92] (英)瑞尔夫:《场所的本质》,饶祖耀﹑陈厚逸译,季铁男编:《建筑现象学导论》,台北:桂冠图书股份有限公司, 1992 [93] 年,第99—120页。 [94] [Relph, Edward.“Changsuo de benzhi”(The Essence of Place). Translated by RAO Zuyao and CHEN Houyi. In Jianzhu [95] xianxiangxue daolun (Introduction to Architectural Phenomenology). Edited by JI Tienan. Taipei: Guiguan Book Co., [96] Ltd., 1992, 99-120.] [97] 申丹、王丽亚:《西方叙事学:经典与后经典》,北京:北京大学出版社, 2010年。 [98] [SHEN Dan and WANG Liya. Xifang Xushixue: jingdian yu houjingdian (Western Narratology: Classics and PostClassics). Beijing: Peking University Press, 2010.] [99] (美)索科罗斯基:《现象学十四讲》,李维伦译,台北:心灵工坊文化事业股份有限公司, 2004年。 [100] [Sokolowski,5-86.rt. Xianxiangxue shisi jiang (Introduction to Phenomenology). Translated by LI Weilun. Taipei: Xinling [101] Gongfang Cultural Enterprise Co., Ltd., 2004.] [102] 谭晓冬、付鲲鹏、姚贵平:《空间的亲和:创造人性的空间》,高介华主编:《建筑与文化论集》第7卷,武汉:湖北科学 [103] 技术出版社, 2004年,第376—381页。 [104] [TAN Xiaodong, FU Kunpeng and YAO Guiping.“Kongjian de qinhe: chuangzao renxing de kongjian”(Space Affinity: [105] Creating Human Space). In Jianzhu yu wenhua lunji (Analects of Architecture and Culture). Vol. 7. Edited by GAO [106] Jiehua. Wuhan: Hubei Science and Technology Press, 2004, 376-81.] [107] 汪子嵩著:《希腊哲学史》第3卷上册,北京:人民出版社, 2003年。 [108] [WANG Zisong. Xila zhexueshi (History of Greek Philosophy). Vol. 3. Beijing: People’s Publishing House, 2003.] [109] 吴国盛:《希腊人的空间概念》,《哲学研究》 1992年第11期,第66—74页。 [110] [WU Guosheng.“Xilaren de kongjian gainian”(Greek Spatial Concepts), Zhe xue yanjiu(Philosophical Research) [111] 11(1992): 66-74.] [112] ——:《希腊空间概念》,北京:中国人民出版社, 2010年。 [113] [——. Xila kongjian gainian (Greek Spatial Concepts). Beijing: People’s Publishing House of China, 2010.] [114] (俄)乌斯宾斯基:《结构诗学:艺术文本的结构与结构形式的类型学》,彭甄译,北京:中国青年出版社, 2004年。 [115] [Uspenskiĭ, Boris Andreevich. Jiegou shixue: yishu wenben de jiegou yu jiegouxingshi de leixingxue (A Poetics of [116] Composition: The Structure of the Artistic Text and Typology of a Compositional Form). Translated by PENG Zhen. [117] Beijing: China Youth Publishing House, 2004.] [118] (美)西蒙:《现象学与环境行为研究》,关华山编译:《民居与社会、文化》,台北:明文书局, 1989年,第143—165页。 [119] [Seamon, David.“Xianxiangxue yu huanjingxingwei yanjiu”(Phenomenology and Environment-Behavior Research). In [120] Minju yu shehuiwenhua (Dwellings, Society and Culture). Translated and edited by GUAN Huashan. Taipei: Mingwen [121] Publishing House, 1989, 143-65.] [122] (奥)亚历山大:《秩序的性质:关于房屋艺术与宇宙性质》,薛求理译,《建筑师》编辑部编:《从现代向后现代的路上 [123] ( II)》,北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2007年,第104—139页。 [124] [Alexander, Christopher.“Zhixu de xingzhi: guanyu fangwuyishu yu yuzhouxingzhi”(The Nature of Order: An Essay [125] on the Art of Building and the Nature of the Universe). Translated by XUE Qiuli. In Cong xiandai xiang houxiandai [126] de lushang II (From Modernism to Postmodernism II). Edited by Editorial Department of Architects. Beijing: China [127] Construction Industry Publishing House, 2007, 104-39.] [128] (古希腊)亚里士多德:《物理学》,张竹明译,北京:商务印书馆, 1982年。 [129] [Aristotle. Wulixue (Physics). Translated by ZHANG Zhuming. Beijing: The Commercial Press, 1982.] [130] 叶涛、吴存浩:《民俗学导论》,济南:山东敎育出版社, 2002年。 [131] [YE Tao and WU Cunhao. Minsuxue daolun (Introduction to Folklore). Jinan: Shandong Education Press, 2002.] [132] (波)英加登:《对文学的艺术作品的认识》,陈燕谷、晓未译,北京:中国文联出版公司, 1988年。 [133] [Ingarden, Roman. Dui wenxue de yishuzuopin de renshi (The Cognition of the Literary Work of Art). Translated by CHEN [134] Yangu and XIAO Wei. Beijing: China Federation of Literature Publishing Company, 1988.] [135] (英)英伍德:《海德格尔》,刘华文译,南京:译林出版社, 2009年。 [136] [Inwood, Michael. Haide geer (Heidegger: A Very Short Introduction). Translated by LIU Huawen. Nanjing: Yilin [137] Translation Publishing House, 2009.] [138] 赵云:《关于笛卡尔解析几何的哲学背景》,《甘肃高师学报》 2011年第2期,第9—11页。 [139] [ZHAO Yun.“Guanyu Dikaer jiexijihe de zhexue beijing”(An Analysis on Philosophical Background of Descartes [140] Analytical Geometry). Gansu gaoshi xuebao (Journal of Gansu Normal Colleges) 2 (2011): 9-11.] [141] 周星:《境界与象征:桥和民俗》,上海:上海文艺出版社, 1998年。 [142] [ZHOU Xing. Jingjie yu xiangzheng: qiao he minsu (Realm and Symbol: Bridge and Folklore). Shanghai: Shanghai [143] Literature and Art Publishing House, 1998.] [144] Frank, Joseph.“Spatial Form in Modern Novel.”Critiques and Essays on Modern Fiction, 1920-1951: Representing the [145] Achievement of Modern American and British Critics. Ed. John W. Aldridge. New York: Ronald Press Company, 1952. [146] 43-66. [147] Gregory, Derek. The Dictionary of Human Geography. Chichester, U.K.; Malden, MA: Wiley-Blackwell, 2009. [148] Mickelsen, David.“Types of Spatial Structure in Narrative.”Spatial Form in Narrative. Eds. Jeffrey R. Smitten and Ann [149] Daghistany. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1981. 63-78. [150] Pearce, Lynne. Reading Dialogics. London: Edward Arnold Publisher, 1994. [151] Ricoeur, Paul.“Narrative Time.”On Narrative. Ed. W. J. Thomas Mitchell. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1981, [152] 16
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数: 373
- HTML全文浏览量: 36
- PDF下载量: 367
- 被引次数: 0