Chinese Comparative Literature in the 30 Years Since the Founding of the People’s Republic of China
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摘要:
1949年中华人民共和国成立，至1978年中共第十一届三中全会召开，这三十年往往被视作中国比较文学研究的薄弱时期，乐黛云、王向远、徐志啸、徐扬尚等将其定义为中国比较文学的“沉潜期”“滞缓期”甚至“沉寂期”。“赤子孤独了，会创造一个世界，创造许多心灵的朋友”，在这个特殊时期，依旧有部分学者以赤子之心在孤独中负重前行，为中国比较文学的赓续做出了贡献，创造了一个个独特的世界。因此，在所谓“沉潜期”内进行的研究即使带有鲜明的时代印记，也不应被忽略。譬如处于“沉潜期”的中国比较文学，整体而言缺少系统论著，但在中印以至东方各国文学文化关系这一研究领域，以季羡林、吴晓铃、常任侠为代表的学者及其论著在一定程度上对这一缺陷有所弥补；而虽然处于不同的地理位置、受到不同的政治制度影响，港台地区的学者们极力将比较文学这门学科复兴发展，积极将中国比较文学纳入与国际比较文学的对话与互动；本时期内中俄文学文化的交流也值得重视，尤其鲁迅与俄苏文学的专题研究产出了有分量的研究成果；同时在翻译领域，傅雷和钱锺书等人在翻译研究方法论上的创新成为这一时期比较文学一抹惊艳的亮色。这一个个独特的世界，值得我们今天在推进国际比较文学方法论体系建设的工作中予以好好发掘与借鉴。
Abstract:The thirty years from the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949 to the Third Plenary Session of the 11th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China in 1978 were often considered as a dark period for the study of Chinese comparative literature.Yue Daiyun, Wang Xiangyuan, Xu Zhixiao, Xu Yangshang, and other scholars defined it as the “dormant period,” “stagnant period,” or even “silent period” of Chinese comparative literature. “When an infant is isolated and lonely, he/she can create a world and make many spiritual friends.” During this special period, some scholars still bore the burden of loneliness with the innocent hearts of newborn infants, making contributions to the development of Chinese comparative literature and continuing to create unique worlds. Therefore, studies conducted during the so-called “dormant period” should not be ignored, even if they bear distinct historical imprints. For example, the overall lack of systematic research on Chinese comparative literature during the “dormant period” has been remedied to some extent by scholars and pertinent works, as represented by Ji Xianlin, Wu Xiaoling, and Chang Renxia in the research field of literary and cultural relations between China, India, and other Eastern countries. Although located in different geographical locations and influenced by different political systems, scholars in Hong Kong and Taiwan (China) have made immense efforts to revive and develop the discipline of comparative literature, actively incorporating Chinese comparative literature into dialogue and interaction with international comparative literature.The exchange of literature and culture between China and Russia during this period is also worth paying attention to, especially the thematic research on Lu Xun and Russian-Soviet literature, which has produced significant works. At the same time, the innovation in translation research methodology by Fu Lei and Qian Zhongshu in the field of translation became a stunning highlight of comparative literature during this period. These unique worlds are worth exploring and learning further to promote the construction of the methodological system of international comparative literature.
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