18世纪西方启蒙思想中的道德情感与审美情感

金雯

doi:10.19857/j.cnki.ICL.20214403

18世纪西方启蒙思想中的道德情感与审美情感

doi: 10.19857/j.cnki.ICL.20214403

金雯^,

华东师范大学

详细信息

作者简介:
金雯,华东师范大学中文系与国际汉语文化学院双聘教授,博士生导师。研究领域为英美文学、全球18世纪和文学情感批评。

通讯作者:
金雯,E-mail:wenjinenglish@gmail.com

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-09-15
- 录用日期: 2021-12-30

Moral and Aesthetic Feeling in Eighteenth-Century Western Enlightenment Thought

JIN Wen^,

East China Normal University

摘要

摘要: 情感是18世纪启蒙时代西方思想的核心问题。从笛卡尔及其同时代哲学家开始，情感就与身体感官和生理活动即神经、血液的运动联系在一起，身体和灵魂变得不可分割。大多数启蒙思想家致力于经由情感问题考察身心之间的互动关联。18世纪的道德哲学和美学理论集中论述了“情感”的特性，应对身体对心灵发出的挑战。在这两条话语脉络中，情感及其表征的身心连接都被赋予有利于主体性建构的阐释。法国感觉主义哲学和沙夫茨伯里影响下的苏格兰启蒙时代道德哲学将源于身体的感受和情感变成道德判断的基础，提出了“道德感”和“道德情操”等概念。由鲍姆伽通创立但渊源更长的德国美学致力于证明灵魂的感性和理性层面彼此融洽协调。美感不仅是对外物和谐的评价，也是头脑对自身和谐的赞许。作为道德原则的情感和作为审美判断条件的情感是紧密联系在一起的，都体现了启蒙思想建构人的主体性——即人的自洽性和独立性——的诉求。
- 18世纪 /
- 启蒙 /
- 情感 /
- 道德哲学 /
- 美学
Abstract: The Enlightenment, long known as the "Age of Reason," has increasingly been associated with "feeling" in recent scholarship. The eighteenth century witnessed a concerted effort on the part of Enlightenment thinkers to comprehend the connections between the body and the mind through the lens of feeling. A powerful strand of Enlightenment thought seeks to justify feeling and thereby suture the body and the mind by turning feeling into a bridge between the two, capable of transforming sensations and physical reactions to the environment into conditions for proper moral and aesthetic judgment.
- Eighteenth century /
- the Enlightenment /
- feeling /
- moral philosophy /
- aesthetics

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