去人类中心主义与本体分类学：一种生态观

尼其·扬

doi:10.19857/j.cnki.ICL.20225203

去人类中心主义与本体分类学：一种生态观

doi: 10.19857/j.cnki.ICL.20225203

尼其·扬^,

马耳他大学

详细信息

作者简介:
尼其·扬为马耳他大学哲学讲师。他的研究兴趣包括20世纪和21世纪的大陆哲学、现象学、美学、解构主义,以及各种形式的新现实主义和唯物主义。他撰写了许多与哲学和当代艺术有关的著述,目前还兼任格雷厄姆·哈曼教授即将出版的新著顾问,该作试图对哈曼过去二十年中所提出的思想进行详细的整合与发掘。扬目前主要集中研究格雷厄姆·哈曼和雅克·德里达哲学体系之间的趋同点和分歧点。

通讯作者:
尼其·扬,E-mail:niki.young@um.edu.mt

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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-06-30
- 录用日期: 2022-01-23

De-Anthropocentrism and Onto-Taxonomy: An Ecological View

Niki Young^,

University of Malta

摘要

摘要: 很显然，气候变化加剧、环境退化、热带雨林枯竭和环境污染等都是人为导致的问题，并陷人类于生存危机之中。而人们常常接触到有关迫切需要“拯救大自然母亲”的说法，抑或是关于人类终为“自然的一部分”从而易受自然影响等事实主张。这些看似无害且不断重复的说辞掩盖了一个岌岌可危的“本体论”假设。本文试图实现两个具体目标：首先，考量格雷厄姆·哈曼尚未充分发掘却相当重要的“本体分类学”概念，将其与人类中心主义、人类世和生态学等问题联系起来。其次，为哈曼的立场辩护，反对针对他的哲学体系的一些具体的生态批评，并指出面向对象哲学体系（OOP）事实上特别适合对当下的生态思想和我们的现状进行更为全面、彻底的重新评估。
- 去人类中心主义 /
- 本体分类学 /
- 生态观
Abstract: There is little question that issues such as accelerating climate change, environmental degradation, rainforest depletion, and pollution have anthropogenic causes, and that these factors put the survival of the human species in jeopardy. In response to this, one often hears and reads about the urgent need to "save Mother Nature," or claims related to the fact that humans are ultimately "part of Nature" and therefore vulnerable to it. Arguably, these seemingly innocuous and tautological claims mask a precarious "onto-taxonomical" assumption, a term coined by Graham Harman in order to emphasise the broadly diffused tendency to postulate an a-priori difference between humans and nature. In this paper, I seek to achieve two specific goals:first, I consider Harman's underdeveloped yet important notion of "onto-taxonomy," framing it in relation to issues pertaining to anthropocentrism, the Anthropocene, and ecology. Second, I shall defend Harman's position against specific ecological criticisms of his philosophy in order to hold that Object-Oriented Philosophy(OOP) is in fact especially well-suited for a radical revaluation of ecological thinking more generally and our present state more specifically..
- de-anthropocentrism /
- onto-taxonomy /
- ecological view

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