“History Ends” or “History Begins Anew”? Analyzing the Theoretical Framework and Realistic Significance of Dahrendorf's Conflict Theory
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摘要: 拉尔夫·达伦多夫于2009年过世,但是他的“冲突理论”当今读起来尤饱含现实意义。他吸纳了马克思有关阶级和社会关系的学说,融合了帕森斯的结构功能论和波普尔的批判理性主义,因此他的思想具有广阔的包容性。他对社会现实问题观察相当深刻。他关注二十世纪后半期以来工业化社会中的阶级状况、社会冲突、增长限度和全球化等一系列重大问题,并寻求解决这些棘手问题的稳妥机制。本文以达伦多夫对福山的“历史终结论”的批评为契入点,展示他的冲突理论在世界局势分析中的现实意义,然后尝试阐明他的冲突理论的思想架构,最后结合他对当今社会困局的分析,评述他的冲突理论在处理社会现实问题中的价值和意义。Abstract: Ralf Dahrendorf passed away in 2009, but his “conflict Theory” is particularly relevant today. He absorbed Marx's theory of class and social relations, and integrated Parsons' theory of structure and function and Popper's critical rationalism, so his thought has broad inclusiveness. Dahrendorf was quite observant of social realities.He focused on a series of major problems in industrialized societies since the second half of the twentieth century, such as class conditions, social conflicts, limits to growth and globalization, and sought sound mechanisms for resolving these intractable problems.This paper takes his criticism of Fukuyama's “the end of history” as the key point to show the realistic significance of his conflict theory in the analysis of the world situation, and then attempts to clarify the theoretical framework of Dahrendorf's conflict theory.Finally, combined with his analysis of today's social dilemma, this paper comments on the value and significance of his conflict theory in dealing with social realistic problems.
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Key words:
- Dahrendorf /
- Fukuyama /
- conflict theory /
- history begins anew
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[1] Dahrendorf,Ralf.“Die Derivatisierung der Welt und ihre Folgen.Ein Gespräch mit Ralf Dahrendorf zum 80.Geburtstag”(The Derivatization of the World and Its Consequences:A Conversation with Ralf Dahrendorf on His 80th Birthday).Leviathan 37(2009):S.177-186. [2] ——.Der Wiederbeginn der Geschichte:Vom Fall der Mauer zum Krieg im Irak(From the Fall of the Wall to the War in Iraq).München:C.H.Beck,2004. [3] ——.After 1989:Morals,Revolution,and Civil Society.New York:St.Martin’s Press,1997. [4] ——.Pfade aus Utopia:Arbeiten zur Theorie und Methode der Soziologie(Paths from Utopia:Works on the Theory and Method of Sociology).München:Piper,1968. [5] ——.Class and Class Conflict in Industrial Society.California:Stanford University,1959. [6] (英)拉尔夫·达仁道夫:《现代社会冲突——自由政治随感》,林荣远译,北京:中国社会科学出版社,2000年。[Dahrendorf,Ralf.Xiandai shehui chongtu(The Modern Social Conflict:An Essay on the Politics of Liberty).Translated by LIN Rongyuan.Beijing:China Social Sciences Press,2000.] [7] (美)弗朗西斯·福山:《历史的终结及最后之人》,黄胜强等译,北京:中国社会科学出版社,2003年。[Fukuyama,Francis.Lishi de zhongjie ji zuihou zhi ren(The End of History and the Last Man).Translated by HUANG Shengqiang,et al.Beijing:China Social Sciences Press,2003.] -
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