Ye Jiaying’s Poetics of Life Experience in the Mutual Reference between Chinese and Western Poetics
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摘要: 从用真切的生命体悟创作诗词,到以生命体悟接受诗词,再到以生命体悟讲解诗词,由此激发生命共鸣,叶嘉莹成就的是一种至高形态的“生命体悟诗学”。她认为内心真切的生命体验和生命情感是构成诗歌的本质要素,真正伟大的诗人用自己的生命写作自己的诗篇,用自己的生活实践自己的诗篇。生命体悟诗学在中西诗学互鉴中形成,其远源是中国自先秦以来即形成的抒情传统,强调诗歌是内心情志的外在表现,不同于西方的摹仿说;其深层次基础是中国自先秦就开始的人本思想,孔子、孟子、老子等都极为重视人的灵性与创造性,这形成中国诗教传统的人本关怀特征,重视诗歌对人及社会的引导作用。相比之下,柏拉图、苏格拉底等忽视了诗人自身的创造能力,夸大了神灵的力量,认为诗几乎不能使人以及社会、国家得益。生命体悟诗学远承先秦,近继王国维、顾随的诗学,揭示了诗歌的本真,既对创作具有理论指导意义,也对诗歌评赏具有实践意义。叶嘉莹以生命体悟为中心对诗词作品进行再创作,观照诗词内外的个体生命,深微剖析并细腻展现诗人真实复杂的人性和生命情感,突破僵硬、单一、机械的认知框架,引导接受者对诗词开展生命体验,培养接受者拥有一颗丰富活泼的心灵,通过诗词获得向上超拔的精神力量,进而实现个体生命的觉醒、发展与完善。Abstract: From composing poetry through authentic life experiences, to interpreting poetry via life insights, and ultimately inspiring vital resonance through such interpretations, Ye Jiaying established a supreme “Poetics of Life Experience.” She asserts that genuine life experiences and emotional vitality constitute the essence of poetry, holding that truly great poets write and embody their verses through lived existence. This poetics emerged from the dialogue between Chinese and Western poetic traditions. Its deep-seated origin lies in China’s lyrical tradition dating back to the pre-Qin period, which emphasizes poetry as an external manifestation of inner sentiments, which differs vastly from Western mimetic theories. Its deeper foundation resides in China’s humanistic philosophy initiated in the pre-Qin era, where Confucius, Mencius, Laozi and many other intellectuals prioritized human spirituality and creativity, shaping the people-oriented feature of Chinese poetic education that emphasizes poetry’s role in guiding individuals and society. In contrast, Plato and Socrates undermined poets’ creative capacity while overemphasizing divine inspiration, regarding poetry as something that offers minimal benefit to individuals or society. Inheriting pre-Qin traditions while building upon Wang Guowei and Gu Sui’s scholarship, the Poetics of Life Experience reveals poetry’s authentic nature, providing both theoretical significance for creation and practical value for critical appreciation. Riveting on life experience, Ye Jiaying reinterprets poetic works through meticulous analysis of poets’ genuine humanity and complex emotions, and thus transcends rigid interpretive frameworks. She navigates recipients to engage in life-oriented poetic experiences, cultivates vibrant sensibilities, and enables spiritual elevation through poetry, ultimately achieving individual awakening, development, and self-perfection.
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Key words:
- Ye Jiaying /
- life experience /
- poetics /
- connotation
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