Chinese and Western Theories of Literary Creation: Cultural Specificities Revealed through Comparative Analysis
-
摘要: 本文以“意-象-言”哲学范式为基础,梳理中国古代文学创作论,以此为参照,提出与西方创作论进行比较的独特视角。西方文论家强调通过静态的自然观照与动态的创造性想象通达精神本体,与中国古代创作论中超验之“意”有可比之处。然二者在“象”之本质理解与心象—物象关系上则存在根本分歧。西方自新柏拉图主义来强调视觉神圣化,而中国的批评家有的遵循道家的宇宙论,强调与道息息相通的心象,有的又接受佛教物象与视觉观,视两者为诱发宗教超验体悟的媒介。西方创作论则普遍将“言”视为形而下之技术性层面,排除于创作主体性之外。对比中国古典文论,言的运用映射出西方千百年来切断文章书写、文章形式与作者创作过程关系的巨大缺陷,而这恰是中国创作论的最大亮点。著者力求中国古典文论与西方文论深度对话,为西方文论提供灵感,予以启发。Abstract: This article adopts the philosophical framework of “Yi-Xiang-Yan” (意-象-言)to systematically examine the development of Chinese Classic Theories of Literary Creation,while offering a comparative perspective with Western Theories of Literary Creation.Western literati often emphasize the attainment of spiritual reality through static contemplation of nature and dynamic imaginative activity,a view that partially corresponds to the Chinese notion of Yi (意).However,fundamental differences emerge in the conceptualization of Xiang (象),particularly concerning the relationship between mental image and external phenomena.Rooted in Neoplatonism,Western literary critics tend to valorize visual perception,whereas Chinese critics tend to emphasize xinxiang (心象),regarding sensory experience and external objects as merely stimuli for transcendent insight.Furthermore,Western literary critics typically regard language as a merely technical or secondary insrument and thereby exclude it from the core creative process.In contrast,Chinese critics integrate yan (or language) in the continuum of literary creation,linking it organically to creative conception.This contrast highlights a significant structural gap in Western literary theory-the long-standing disjunction between textual form,the act of writing,and the author’s creative imagination.The author calls for a deeper dialogue between Chinese and Western literary theories,arguing that classical Chinese poetics may offer vital theoretical resources and inspiration for rethinking Western approaches to examining literary creation.
-
[1] .蔡宗齐《中国历代文论评选·创作论评选》,上海古籍出版社,2025年。 [2] .刘勰著,《文心雕龙注》,人民文学出版社,1958年。 [3] .王弼著,楼宇烈校释《王弼集校释》,中华书局,1980年。 [4] .Plotinus,The Divine Mind,Being the Treatises of the Fifth Ennead,translated by S.Mackenna,London: The Medici Society,1926,pp.73-74. [5] .Samuel Taylor Coleridge,Biographia Literaria,2 vols.,London: J.M.Dent & Sons Ltd.,1975. [6] .Percy Bysshe Shelley,A Defence of Poetry and Other Essays,St.Gallen: Jungle Books,2009. -

计量
- 文章访问数: 7
- HTML全文浏览量: 0
- PDF下载量: 0
- 被引次数: 0