“不可见”的双生子——英国科幻热与华语科幻新浪潮

摘要: 自20世纪80年代末，中国与英国同时出现了新一轮科幻创作的热潮，称为“英国科幻热”与“华语科幻新浪潮”，但彼此之间却几乎互不可见。本文详细考察了两次热潮的政治经济背景，认为英国科幻热在英国新自由主义转型时期，为左翼知识分子提供了某种“政治高地”，用以建构后撒切尔主义甚至后资本主义的左翼乌托邦；与此同时，中国的社会语境也出现了根本性变化，80年代“自上而下”的“五四”话语在90年代逐渐失去吸引力，让位于基于社会主义市场经济的“自下而上”的大众文化，而华语科幻新浪潮正是诞生于这样的历史转向之中。两次热潮虽未相互产生直接影响，但二者无疑都与20世纪末世界政治经济背景的变化息息相关，在建构“世界科幻”体系的过程中，发展出基于“地方经验”的科幻诗学与科幻史学。
- 英国科幻热 /
- 华语科幻新浪潮 /
- 撒切尔主义 /
- 社会主义市场经济
Abstract: Since the late 1980s, simultaneous science fiction movements have emerged in both China and the UK, known as the “British SF Boom” and the “Chinese SF New Wave,” yet they remained almost invisible to each other. This article examines their political and economic backgrounds, arguing that the British SF Boom offered a “political high ground” for left-wing intellectuals during the UK’s neoliberal transformation, making post-Thatcherite or even postcapitalist utopias possible. Meanwhile, in China, the 1980s’ “top-down” elitist discourse lost appeal in the 1990s, replaced by a “bottom-up” mass culture driven by the socialist market economy, giving rise to the Chinese SF New Wave. Although the booms did not influence each other directly, they are connected to the late 20th-century global political and economic changes, and in this way develop a poetics and historiography of science fiction based on “local” experiences in understanding “world science fiction.”
- The British SF Boom /
- The Chinese SF New Wave /
- Thatcherism /
- socialist market economy

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